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[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 100.Zhong W, McClain CJ, Cave M, Kang YJ, Zhou Z

Once B12 has been released from dietary proteins, it binds to salivary haptocorrina, a binding protein (also called Once it reaches the duodenum, it is released from the R proteins by the action of proteases and pancreatic bicarbonate, which cause the elimination of the initially formed complex, leaving B12 free

Oxidative damage to DNA and aging

MEL and its derivatives directly scavenge free oxygen and nitrogen radicals

For simplicity, we refer to these groups as PyMT-WT, TrnE / ND5 -Low, Mid, and High

doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1810363 Received 13 February 2026 Revised 18 March 2026 Accepted 23 March 2026 Published 04 May 2026 Volume 13 - 2026 Edited by Ramona Cioboata, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania Reviewed by Robert Steven Wallis, The Aurum Institute, South Africa Giuseppe Castaldo, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Updates Copyright 2026 Barne, Shevade, Bhattacharyya, Christopher, Nair, Abhyankar, Halder, Vora, Khanna, Swarnakar, Chhajed, Santhalingam, Nair and Salvi