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76 , e12948 (2024)

Exogenous antioxidants-double edged swords in cellular redox state: Health beneficial effects at physiologic doses versus deleterious effects at high doses

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Nicotinamide (NAM) can also be obtained in the diet from the consumption of NAD and NADP, both of which are hydrolyzed to nicotinamide within the lumen of the small intestines

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ER stress also promotes apoptosis via increasing the expression of CHOP (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein) ( In ovarian cancer cells, ISA can reduce the phosphorylation of Akt, which may also contribute to the ROS overproduction and GSH depletion, as well as the downregulation of Bcl-2 (Xie et al., 2023)