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Unlike short-lived growth-factor peptides, it is notably stable in gastric juice, and laboratories study it as a stable pentadecapeptide tool compound in tissue-repair and cytoprotection research

Gasparovic, J

Its banned in and out of competition with no exceptions

The multitude of targets can be specific given the activation of the VEGFR2-Akt-eNOS signaling pathway without the need for other known ligands or shear stress and evidenced controlling vasomotor tone by the activation of the Src-Caveolin-1-eNOS pathway [121,122]

Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Its Impact on Healthcare: A Population-Level Analysis and Call for Action. Frontiers in Nutrition 12 (2026): 1701661

There is also limited research suggesting beets can support athletic performance due to the same ingredient nitrates which are found in higher concentration in the vegetable or its juice