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Description
Several theories have been hypothesized regarding the mechanisms by which smoking lowers testosterone levels owing to Leydig cell dysfunction by various mechanisms such as chronic hypoxia, smoke-induced oxidative stress (ROS), neuroendocrinal effect of nicotine on hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, direct cytotoxic effect on Leydig cells either causing downregulation of key enzymes of steroidogenesis (NR5A1, CYP11A1, and 3b-HSD1) or by inducing apoptosis (by increase in Bax (proapoptotic protein) and caspase-3 expression, and a decrease in Bcl-2 (an antiapoptotic protein) expression[]

The study was presented Tuesday, May 4 at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Why Should You Quit Nicotine and Tobacco Products

Storage and Freshness Tips To maintain the quality of Putters Light Cigarettes: Store in a cool, dry place Keep away from direct sunlight Avoid excessive heat or humidity Keep packs sealed until use Proper storage helps preserve tobacco flavor, moisture balance, and burn consistency.

Changing Behavior for Quitting Behavioural therapy is a proven approach to rewiring your habits and breaking free from the cycle of smoking

Tip: Don't bother the golfers on the course