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Key Points A large body of literature strongly suggests that cigarette smoke unfavourably influences all major stages of atherosclerosis as well as pathological atherothrombus formation Cigarette smoke contains oxidant compounds that cause oxidative stress in the endothelium, leading to endothelial dysfunction and injury, initiation of the atherosclerotic process, and subsequent formation of atherosclerotic plaques Cigarette smoke promotes the development of vulnerable plaques and plaque rupture by enhancing inflammation and activating matrix metalloproteinases Cigarette smoke causes platelet activation, and promotes platelet aggregation and platelet adhesion to sites of endothelial injury Exposure to cigarette smoke shifts the balance of haemostasis towards thrombus formation by enhancing blood clotting and, at the same time, reducing the fibrinolytic capacity This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $189.00 per year only $15.75 per issue Buy this article Purchase on SpringerLink Instant access to the full article PDF

Les Misrables (2012) Fantine 4

The patterns of change from V2 to V3 were similar in direction for all 3 groups

Understanding Teeth Stains Before we explore vaping's impact on teeth, let's talk about dental stains

As the band made their way through their catalogue, weaving their way in and out of songs such as Sweet, Dark Vacay, Touch, Nothings Gonna Hurt You Baby , crowds gave a short cheer for their favourites

Int J Env Res Public Health