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Effects on Heart Structure and Function Both alcohol and smoking damage the heart's structure

This document should be submitted as a PDF and include the following sections: Overview of the community-derived solution (Reminder: the solution should reflect an activity that has already been done, not a proposal for future activities) The type of solution (e.g., is it a program, policy, or other strategy?) When and where the solution was implemented What populations were the focus of the solution Who developed and/or delivered the solution How the implementation, delivery, or enforcement of the solution was funded The role of the Participant Organization in developing, implementing, delivering, or enforcing the solution The role of any collaborating agencies or organizations in developing, implementing, delivering, or enforcing the solution, if applicable Relevance to populations with high levels of menthol cigarette use How the solution reached or impacted populations with high levels of menthol cigarette use How the community-derived solution specifically addressed menthol cigarette smoking How members from the population were included in the development, implementation, or evaluation of the community-derived solution Innovation How the community-derived solution is different from previous or other current efforts to reduce menthol cigarette smoking or cigarette smoking in general Any novel or creative strategies used to develop, implement, deliver, sustain, or evaluate the solution Evidence of effectiveness The evidence that the community-derived solution was effective and how that evidence was generated, including: The metrics, tools, or measures used (Reminder: Measures of smoking-related knowledge or attitudes of individuals can be included, but they are not sufficient to show effectiveness of the solution.) How and when the data were collected or obtained before and after implementation of the community-derived solution How the data were compiled or analyzed How the collected data show the community-derived solution produced changes in smoking-related behavior, including: How the changes can be attributed to the community-derived solution versus other factors How the changes are specific to or inclusive of populations with high levels of menthol cigarette smoking How changes are specific to or inclusive of menthol cigarette smoking Potential for sustainability or broader implementation How the community-derived solution can be maintained or sustained in the future

On the other hand, continuous exposure to nicotine caused by smoking throughout the day produces desensitization (Figure 3C) of particular nAChR subtypes, which may contribute to acute forms of tolerance