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Obesity leads to chronic inflammation, he said, and that inflammation has very clear effects on your arteries and your cardiovascular system. Reducing that inflammation with GLP-1s, it turns out, reduces cardiovascular risk

Most patients find that tolerability improves significantly after the first few months on a stable dose, and that they can occasionally eat foods that would have produced symptoms in the early weeks

** Oral routes also include e.g

Brand-name medications come in proprietary injection pens with specific color coding: Ozempic: Red pen cap, doses labeled on pen Wegovy: Blue pen cap, doses labeled on pen Mounjaro: Purple pen cap, doses labeled on pen Zepbound: Teal pen cap, doses labeled on pen Trulicity: Green pen cap, single-dose pen (no dose selector) Victoza: Blue pen, multi-dose pen with dose selector Saxenda: Blue pen, multi-dose pen with dose selector Compounded medications typically come in glass vials with handwritten or printed labels, not prefilled pens

Prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in obesity

GLP-1/GLP-1R enhances insulin-promoting factor-1 (PDX-1) responsiveness via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT/PKB)/fork head box protein O1 (FOXO1) signaling pathway, thereby maintaining -cell morphological function and promoting the conversion of non- cells to cells