glp 1 是 什麼 產業短評】GLP-1賽道下半場：口服劑型背後的挑戰- TEJ台灣經濟新報 身體裡面的腸道荷爾蒙：腸泌素，最有名的是GLP-1，但作用比例較高的腸泌素其實是GIP。 GIP 跟GLP-1 一樣，吃東西之後從腸道分泌，刺激胰島素釋放。GIP 在胰臟

Tan S, Ignatenko S, Wagner F, Dokras A, Seufert J, Zwanziger D, Dunschen K, Zakaria M, Huseinovic N, Basson CT, Mahling P, Fuhrer D, Hinder M

The practical impact of metabolic withdrawal: large-scale population studies suggest that individuals who use and then discontinue GLP-1RAs before pregnancy may experience excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (137)

doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-2335 69 PocaiACarringtonPEAdamsJRWrightMEiermannGZhuLet al

Mounjaro targets both GLP-1 and GIP

Additionally, lixisenatide was associated with fewer gastrointestinal symptoms compared to exenatide, while long-acting GLP-1RAs generally caused less nausea and vomiting but more diarrhea than short-acting agents (49)

GLP-1's roles in the body include: Stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner Suppressing glucagon (which otherwise drives the liver to release stored glucose) Slowing gastric emptying, which prolongs feelings of fullness Signaling satiety centers in the brain to reduce appetite Supporting healthy blood glucose levels already in the normal range GLP-1's challenge is that it has a very short half-life in the bloodstream (typically just 2 minutes) before an enzyme called DPP-4 breaks it down