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Zepbound should not be used by anyone who has a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome 2 (MEN2), or pancreatitis

These may include: Nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea (most common early on) Constipation Fatigue Mild increases in heart rate (similar to changes seen with GLP-1 medicines) Side effects were more frequent at higher doses (8 mg and 12 mg), but still rated mild to moderate overall

Moreover, GLP-1 and its analogs have shown positive effects in renal protection, neuroprotection, and lipid metabolism regulation, with promising prospects for treating conditions such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and Alzheimers disease

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The search included terms such as small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonists, oral GLP-1 receptor agonists, Danuglipron, Orforglipron, and Aleniglipron. Additionally, information on ongoing clinical trials involving small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonists was retrieved from the ClinicalTrials.gov database using the same keywords

A systematic review ScienceDirect science/article/pii/S2214623724000048 [62] Value of GLP-1 receptor agonists versus long-acting insulins for type 2 diabetes patients with and without established cardiovascular or chronic kidney diseases: A model-based cost-effectiveness analysis using real-world data ScienceDirect science/article/abs/pii/S0168822723001006 [63] GLP-1 receptor agonists: A novel pharmacotherapy for binge eating (Binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa)