glp-1 drugs and thyroid cancer Does drug affect risk? The effect of GLP-1R agonists

Type 2 diabetes and obesity dramatically increase the risk of dementia by up to 60%, accelerating amyloid pathology, cerebrovascular damage, and insulin resistance in the brain, sometimes described as type 3 diabetes [1]

In summary, GLP-1R on -cells is activated and promotes growth inhibitory hormone secretion, creating a multilayered inhibitory mechanism that effectively reduces glucagon secretion, and in turn lowers blood glucose levels

Novo Nordisk maintains first-to-market advantage with semaglutide across diabetes (Ozempic), obesity (Wegovy), and oral (Rybelsus) formulations, with the oral version launching in January 2026 following December 2025 FDA approval [3]

Richards et al., 2014

The most common side effects include nausea, upset stomach, constipation, fatigue, and headaches, which typically resolve with time

Accessed February 23, 2026