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184 Just as intriguing, GLP-1R-mediated signaling properties of ago-allosteric modulators are not identical, thereby suggesting that such agonists could be used in order to achieve signal transduction bias

In addition, high glucose levels significantly increase nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidasedriven superoxide levels, contributing to the progression of heart failure [32]

Additionally, the TCGA database does not disclose whether patients are GLP-1 RA-exposed or -nave, thus future transcriptomic studies may comparatively investigate these patient populations across cancer types to further dissect immunogenomic differences

doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.005 173

Although not ubiquitous, the GLP-1 receptor is expressed in a number of brainstem, midbrain, and forebrain areas, particularly in several nuclei of the hypothalamus that have different functional connotations (19,20)

For comparison, bariatric surgery patients also experience regaining weight, although more in the range of 10 to 25%