glp-1 safe Agonists: A Comprehensive Overview Examining the efficacy and safety

If you choose to use a GLP-1 agonist make sure to combine it with the other 4 steps (at least steps 1-3) above

Abbreviations CVD: Cardiovascular disease T2D: Type 2 diabetes CV: Cardiovascular HF: Heart failure GLP-1RA: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist SGLT-2: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 MACE: Major cardiovascular events MI: Myocardial infarction ADA: American Diabetes Association HFrEF: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction HFpEF: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction FDA: Food and Drug Administration NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey CKD: Chronic kidney disease References Grundy SM, Benjamin IJ, Burke GL, et al

GLP-1 is rapidly cleaved by the widely expressed dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), which removes two N-terminal amino acids, resulting in GLP-1(9-36) with little glucoregulatory properties but with potential cardiovascular effects [18]

The primary outcome is a composite cardiovascular end point, and it hopes to show non-inferiority with a conditional secondary superiority analysis

Nat Reviews Drug Discovery 2025

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